Practical Exploration of DNS and Secure Web Communication

Business Scenario

Welcome!

You are working as a Network Security Intern at a company , where you need to analyze how DNS converts domain names to IP addresses and study the difference between HTTP and HTTPS.

Your task is to use tools like nslookup, ping, and Wireshark to observe network traffic and understand how secure communication protects data.

 

Pre-Lab Preparation

  • Use nslookup → domain to IP
  • Use ping → check connection
  • Use Wireshark → capture traffic
  • Compare HTTP vs HTTPS → security

Topic : Networking Fundamentals

1) Introduction to Networking.

2) IP Addressing.

3) DNS fundamentals.

4) HTTP/HTTPS protocols.

git pull origin branchName

Git Pull

 

Open Command Prompt and type:

 

 

 

 

Observe:

  • DNS Server used

  • IP address of domain

 

 

Task 1: Understand how DNS converts domain → IP

nslookup google.com
nslookup itvedant.com
nslookup facebook.com

 Use nslookup

1

  

Open Command Prompt and type:

ping google.com
ping itvedant.com
ping instagram.com

Use ping

2

Observe:

  • Domain automatically resolved to IP

  • Response time

 

 

Packet Capture (Wireshark)

3

Start Wireshark → select network interface → Start capture

a

Apply filter:  dns

b

Now open browser and visit: any Website

c

Observe:

  • DNS Query (A record request)

  • DNS Response (IP returned)

Task 2: DNS Practical Lab – Understanding DNS Records

  • ​  Identify different DNS record types (A, AAAA, MX, NS)

  •   Verify IP addresses and services linked to a domain

  

 

 

Open DNS Lookup Tool

1

Open browser (Chrome/Edge)

a

Go to: DNSChecker

b

 Enter Domain

2

In Enter any Valid URL, type:  google.com

a

Select: Record Type = ALL

b

Click:  Lookup DNS

c

 You will see:

3

Domain input box

a

Record type options (A, AAAA, MX, NS, etc.)

b

When a user types google.com:

  • DNS query is sent

  • NS server responds

  • A/AAAA record gives IP

  • System connects to server

This is called DNS Resolution Process.

 

Task 3: Observe HTTP vs HTTPS communication Analyze real web traffic

 Visit HTTP Site

1

Open Webiste : testaspnet.vulnweb.com 

a

Enter Username and Password

b

Open the Wireshark In filter search -  http

Observe:

  • Plain text requests

  • GET request visible

  • No encryption

 Visit HTTPS Site

2

Open Website : https://google.com 

a

Open the Wireshark and Apply filter: tls

b

Observe:

  • TLS handshake

  • Encrypted packets

  • No readable content

 

Great job!
You have successfully completed your lab on DNS and Secure Web Communication.

In this lab, you have: Understood DNS Resolution (Domain → IP), Used nslookup and ping tools, Captured traffic using Wireshark, Compared HTTP (Insecure) vs HTTPS (Encrypted) communication

You are now ready to move to the next stage of Network Security Analysis

Checkpoint

Next-Lab Preparation

   Git Push

git push origin branchName

Topic : Working with a Text and Listin HTML

1) Power of HTML text tags
2) Customizing your style with CSS
3) Listing it right using HTML
4) HTML Link up , attributes of tag, block vs inline elements

Text box Width : 887
Business Scenario, Pre-lab Preparation, Next-lab Preparation, Task, Activity, Checkpoint : 90%.
Steps : 1,2,3 [Sub Steps - a,b,c]
Normal Text, Topic Name : 80%
Subtopic : 70%
Code Box font Size : 16px

DNS, HTTP/HTTPs - Template

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